Can nonsmokers hold their breath longer than people who smoke? write the independent variable, the dependent variable, and the hypothesis.

Independent variable (what you are changing): smoker vs nonsmoker
Dependent variable (what you are measuring): how long breath can be held

Hypothesis: If both smokers and nonsmokers hold their breath, then the nonsmokers will be able to hold their breath for longer. 

Hno3(aq) → h+(aq) + no3−(aq). picture ii best represents the strong acid hno3. strong acids are strong electrolytes