Which pair of atoms has the most polar bond? a) h – br b) h – cl c) i – br d)i – cl

To get this it helps to know the electronegativity numbers of the elements but it isn't required. You just need to know that Fluorine is the most electronegative element and that the farther away from Fluorine you are on the periodic table, the less electronegative you get.  The one exception to this rule is hydrogen with actually has an electronegativity of 2.1 while lithium has one of 1.0.  Also the higher difference in electronegativity between two atoms the more polar the bond is.  

Now to start the question.  H-Br could be a contender since H has an electronegativity number of 2.1 and Br is relatively close to Fluorine so we'll put that one aside for now.  H-Cl knocks out A because both bonds have H but one bond has Br and the other has Cl.  Cl is closer to Fluorine than Br so answer B is the contender now.  For answer C, I and Br are too close to have a higher electronegativity difference than H-Cl so that one isn't it.  Finally for answer D, I is much closer to Cl than H is so the electronegativity difference is much less, making your answer B.

Ch4 and ph3 are both covalent since they are composed both of non-metals.    ch4 is non- polar because of  london forces and has a geometry of tetrahedral  ph3 , on the other hand, is umbrella shaped polar and has dipole-dipole intermolecular force (imf) . since ph3 is polar, it has a stronger imf