The diagram shows an electron shell model of a sodium atom.

how would the model change as the atom forms bonds?

a. the third shell would have eight electrons after the atom gains seven electrons to fill the outermost shell.

b. the third shell would be empty so that the eight electrons in the second level would be outermost after the atom loses one electron.

c. the first and third shells would be empty so that the atom would have eight electrons in its remaining shell after the atom loses three electrons.

d. the first shell would have two electrons and the second shell would have six electrons after the atom loses three electrons.

Answer is: B. The third shell would be empty so that the eight electrons in the second level would be outermost after the atom loses one electron.

Neutral sodium atom has atomic number 11 (11 protons and 11 electrons).

Electron configuration of sodium atom: ₁₁Na 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹.

Sodium lost one valence electron to form cation with stable electron configuration as noble gas neon (atomic number 10).

Electron configuration of sodium cation: ₁₁Na⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.

here is table 2-2:

country

percent of eligible voters that voted

rank

united states

44.9%

138

canada

60.1%

107

costa rica

84.6%

14

hungary

66.9%

82

japan

57.0%

118

egypt

27.7%

159

south africa

85.5%

10

ans is no, the data set cannot be plotted as a single circle graph