Why do you think that different substances have different melting and boiling pointeds

The boiling point and melting point of  substances is determined by their molecular weight and the cohesion (stickiness) of the individual molecules in the substance.

Based on the cohesive molecule - molecule interactions of a substance, it may have either a high melting and boiling point or vice versa. The stronger the cohesive interactions the more the heat required for the substance's transition into liquid and gas state.

These intermolecular forces include hydrogen bonding , ionic  bonding, dipole dipole, and Van Der Waals dispersion forces.

b) nuclear ive learned that in a pedtrodic table