Explain in terms of subatomic particles, why the radius of a lithium ion is smaller than the radius of a lithium atom

An ion is a charged particle. In that sense, the particle may have one (or more) fewer electrons in the outer shells than the neutrally-charged lithium atom. In that case, the overall radius of the ion, having fewer subatomic particles to work with, will be slightly smaller than that of the atom.

Answer is: hydrogen is being oxidized.chemical reaction: co₂ + h₂ → co + h₂o.oxidation half reaction: h₂ → 2h⁺ + 2e⁻.reduction half reaction: c⁺⁴ + 2e⁻ → c⁺².oxidation is increase of oxidation number, hydrogen change oxidation number from neutral charge (in molecule of hydrogen) to oxidation number +1 (in water).

The correct answer is:   [a]:   "polar easterlies move cool air to the mid-latitudes."