In which state do molecules have the highest kinetic energy? in the liquid state in the solid state in the gaseous state during the phase change from liquid to gas

Option (c) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy obtained by an object or substance due to their motion.

Also, kinetic energy is directly related to temperature as follows.

                        K. E =

Hence, kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.

So, more is the temperature provided to a substance more will be the kinetic energy of its molecules. Therefore, more will be their motion and this leads to more number of collisions between the molecules.

As in solids, molecules are held by strong intermoleculear forces so, they do not move from their initial position and hence, they have definite shape and volume.

In liquids, molecules are held by less strong intermolecular forces of attraction. So, they have definite volume but no definite shape.

In gases, molecules are held by weak intermolecular forces. So, these molecules are away from each other due to high kinetic energy as they have more number of collisions.

Thus, we can conclude that in the gaseous state molecules have the highest kinetic energy.

here we have to get the change of moles on decrease the volume of the reaction in gas phase.

the   per the given options it will decrease by (d) 11-50%

we know, on decreasing the volume of the gas phase reaction the reaction moves to the product side.

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:                   1 - α               α               α           = 1 + α

(concentration = moles/volume, as volume is 1 l)

(where α is the degree of dissociation)

now the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

=  

or,

or,   = (at v = 1l)

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:               (1 - α)/0.5           α/0.5         α/0.5       = (1 + α)/0.5

thus, the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

or,  

=  

so, the change of 1 : 1/0.5

or, 1: 2

thus it will decrease by 50%.

or, as per the given options it will decrease by 11-50%