Draw the lewis structure for butanal, which has the condensed formula ch3(ch2)2cho. show all hydrogen atoms and lone pairs of electrons.

There are 10 hydrogen atoms that bind and there are 2 pairs of free electrons in the non-binding O atom

Further explanation

Aldehydes are alkane-derived compounds containing carbonyl groups (-CO-) where one bond binds to an alkyl group while another binds to a hydrogen atom.

The general structure is R-CHO with the molecular formula :

Naming is generally the same as the alkane by replacing the suffix with -al

Butanal or butyraldehyde is an aldehyde which has 4 C atoms

Inside the structure there are 3 atoms involved in bonding:

1. Atom C with 4 valence electrons, requires 4 electrons to reach the octet 2. Atom O with 6 valence electrons, requires 2 electrons to reach the octet 3. Atom H with 1 valence electron, requires 1 electron to reach a duplet

In describing Lewis's structure the steps that can be taken are:

 1. Count the number of valence electrons from atoms in a molecule 2. Give each bond a pair of electrons 3. The remaining electrons are given to the atomic terminal so that an octet is reached 4. The remaining electrons that still exist in the central atom 5. If the central atom is not yet octet, free electrons are drawn to the central atom to form double bonds

In the Butanal structure (C₄H₈O) there is 1 double bond of the functional group (-CHO) between the C atom and the O atom

Learn more:

Adding electron dots

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Ionic bonding

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Formal charge

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Keywords: butanal, aldehyde, Lewis structure, a valence electron

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