When speaking about his numerous and important contributions to science, isaac newton said: "if i have been able to see further, it is because i stood on the shoulders of giants.” explain how this statement relates to scientific knowledge, theories, and laws changing over time.

Whenever Isaac Newton said this, he was referring to those who led him to make his conclusion. There were many great discoveries that were before Isaac Newton's time. He of course had to follow other people's ideas and eventually formed his own opinion which forever changed science. Ultimately, he's saying that he wouldn't have been able to make his theory if if weren't for the many many genius scientists & theories before him.

Cause its being chemically applied?

Ions gain or lose electrons