Consider four elements from group 7a: fluorine in the second period, chlorine in the third period, bromine in the fourth period, and iodine in the fifth period. which element has the largest first ionization energy? a. fluorine b. chlorine c. bromine d. iodine e. you need more data to predict the first ionization energy of these elements.

astronomers such as edwin hubble.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.