How to know if something served as the nucleophile instead of water

What can be added to the examples section of each circle? endothermic: ice melting into water, and a heat pack becoming warm exothermic: a glow stick glowing, and fireworks exploding endothermic: ice melting into water, and an instant ice pack turning cold exothermic: fireworks exploding, and gasoline burning endothermic: a glow stick glowing, and a heat pack becoming warm exothermic: an instant ice pack turning cold, and ice melting into water endothermic: gasoline burning, and an instant ice pack turning cold exothermic: ice melting into water, and an instant ice pack turning cold

Compared with the freezing-point depression of a 0.01 m c6h12o6 solution, the freezing-point depression of a 0.01 m nacl solution is

What happens to the atomic radius when an elctron is lost