Determine the mmol of both starting materials (factoring in that formic acid is not pure, but rather 88% weight/volume, or 88g/100 ml), showing your work. Determine the limiting reagent in this synthesis. Lastly, calculate the theoretical yield of benzimidazole that you could expect to form.

Solution :

Molecular      Molar Mass       Volume      Density       Mass      Moles      nmoles

formula            (g/mol)               (mL)          (g/mL)           (g)

           108.14                                                    0.108      0.001          1

HCOOH           46.02                0.064          1.22     0.07808     0.0017       1.7

mmoles of o-phenylenediamine = 1 mmoles

mmoles of formic acid = 1.7 2 mmoles

From the reaction of o-phenylenediamine and formic acid, we see,

1 mmole of o-phenylenediamine reacts with 1 mmole of formic acid.

But here, 2 mmoles of the formic acid , this means that the formic acid is an excess reagent and the o-phenylenediamine is the limiting reagent here.

The amount of product depends on the limiting reagent that is o-phenylenediamine. So, 1mmole of o-phenylenediamine will give 1mmole of product.

molar mass of Benzimidazole = g/mol

mmoles of Benzimidazole formed = mmol

Mass of benzimidazole formed = molar mass x

                                                     = 0.11814 g

So the theoretical yield of Benzimidazole is = 0.118 g = 118mg

practical process described pest part of scientific investigation.

because practical knowledge is powerful then therotical knowledge.

the answers would be

the first one and the second one