The volume of an ideal gas is held constant. Determine the ratio P2/P1 of the final pressure to the initial pressure when the temperature of the gas rises (a) from 46 to 92 K and (b) from 35.4 to 69.0 oC.

A. P₂ / P₁ = 2

B. P₂ / P₁ = 1.1

Explanation:

A. Determination of the ratio P₂/P₁

Volume = constant

Initial temperature (T₁) = 46 K

Final temperature (T₂) = 92 K

Final pressure /Initial pressure (P₂/P₁) =?

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

P₁/46 = P₂/92

Cross multiply

46 × P₂ = P₁ × 92

Divide both side by P₁

46 × P₂ / P₁ = 92

Divide both side by 46

P₂ / P₁ = 92 / 46

P₂ / P₁ = 2

B. Determination of the ratio P₂/P₁

Volume = constant

Initial temperature (T₁) = 35.4 °C = 35.4 + 273 = 308.4 K

Final temperature (T₂) = 69.0 °C = 69 + 273 = 342 K

Final pressure /Initial pressure (P₂/P₁) =?

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

P₁/308.4 = P₂/342

Cross multiply

308.4 × P₂ = P₁ × 342

Divide both side by P₁

308.4 × P₂ / P₁ = 342

Divide both side by 308.4

P₂ / P₁ = 342 / 308.4

P₂ / P₁ = 1.1

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.