2P(s) + X(g) ↔ P2X(g) at 20°C, Keq= 4.0 Initially, 2.0 moles of P(s) and 1.0 mole of X(g) are put into a 1.0L flask and allowed to react until they reach equilibrium. The molarity of P2X (g) present at equilibrium is: a. 1.0 M b. 0.8 M c. 0.4 M d. 0.1 M

b. 0.8 M

Explanation:

Based on the reaction, Keq is defined as:

Keq = 4.0 = [P2X] / [X]

As P is a pure solid, its concentration is not taken into account

The initial concentration of X is 1.0mol/L = 1M, the equilibrium concentrations are:

[X] = 1M - X

[P2X] = X

Where X is the reaction coordinate

Replacing:

4.0 = X / 1-X

4.0 - 4.0X = X

4.0 = 5.0X

0.8M = X = [P2X]

Right answer is:

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.