What substances are commonly formed during a chemical reaction but we can't see them?

The concept of empiricism states that all rationally accepted knowledge is determined from experience. francis bacon was one of the first scientists to promote this theory. what was it’s impact on society?

1) in saturated limewater, [h+ ]=3.98x10-13 m. a) find [oh]-/ b) what is the ph? / c) is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral? / 2) in butter, [h+ ]=6.0x10-7 m. a) find [oh]-/ b) what is the ph? / c) is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral? / 3) in peaches, [oh]=3.16x10-11 m a) find [h+ ]/ b) what is the ph? / c) is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral? / 4) during the course of the day, human saliva varies between being acidic and basic. if [oh]=3.16x10-8 m, a) find [h+ ]/ b) what is the ph? / c) is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral? /

A3.37-mg sample of protein was chemically digested to convert its nitrogen into ammonia and then diluted to 100.0 ml. then 10.0 ml of this solution was placed in a 50-ml volumetric flask and treated with 5 ml of phenol solution plus 2 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution. the sample was diluted to 50.0 ml, and the absorbance at 625 nm was measured in a 1.00-cm cuvette and found to be 0.486. for reference, a standard solution was prepared from 10.0 mg of nh4cl (molar mass = 53.49 grams/mole) dissolved in 1.00 l of water. then 10.0 ml of this standard was placed in a 50-ml volumetric flask, treated in the same manner as the unknown, and the absorbance found to be 0.323. finally, a reagent blank was prepared using distilled water in place of unknown, it was treated in the same manner as the unknown, and the absorbance found to be 0.076. calculate the weight percent of nitrogen in the protein.