A balanced redox equation must have which of the following: I. The same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation II. The total number electrons lost in the oxidation equal to total number of electrons gained in the reduction III. The same total charge of all ionic species on both sides of the reaction IV. H2O present as a product or a reactant

The question is not complete as it lacks the options. The options are;

A) i,ii, and iii

B) i and ii

C) i,iii,and iv

D) i,ii,iii, and iv

E) iii and iv

The answer is A.

Explanation:

A redox reaction i.e. oxidation-reduction is a reaction in which a change in the oxidation number or state of the participating atoms occur. A redox reaction, as the name implies, contains the oxidation part and the reduction part.

Just like any other reaction, redox reaction needs to be balanced as well. A balanced redox reaction must have the following characteristics:

- The same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. For example, if there are 4 atoms of Carbon on the reactant side, there must be 4 atoms of C on product side.

- The total number electrons lost in the oxidation equal to total number of electrons gained in the reduction. For example, if 12 electrons are gained in the reduction part, 12 electrons must be lost in the oxidation part.

- The same total charge of all ionic species on both sides of the reaction.