A gas filled balloon having a volume of 2.50 L at 1.21 atm and 25oC is allowed to rise to the stratosphere (~30km above the surface of the Earth), where the temperature and pressure are -23oC and 3.00 x 10-3 atm, respectively. Calculate the final volume of the balloon.

Which statement is true about a catalyst? a: a catalyst decreases the rate of the reaction. b. a catalyst is consumed during a chemical reaction. c. a catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction. d. a catalyst increases the reactant concentration during a reaction.