If the mass of a material is 109 grams and the volume of the material is 24 cm3, what would the density of the material be? g/cm3

The units tell you:
g/cm³ = Mass (in grams) per (divided by) Volume (in cm³);
So:
109/24 = 4.54166 ⇒ 4.54 g/cm³.
Always look at the units.
Just like for speed, you might have m/s so this is:
Distance (in meters) per (divided by) Time (in seconds).

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