Identify each of the highlighted materials as an element, a compound, or a mixture, and explain your reasoning.

butane
benzene
gasoline
kerosene
o2

We identify these substances as follows:

Butane - compound
It has a chemical formula C4H10. It consists of 14 atoms - 4 atoms of carbon and 10 atoms of hydrogen. These are being bonded to form a molecule which makes it a compound.

Benzene - compound
It has a formula C6H6. It has 6 atoms of carbon and 6 atoms of hydrogen that are bonded together to form a molecule. Thus, it is a compound.

gasoline - mixture
It consists of different substances or compounds which makes it a mixture of those substances.

kerosene - mixture
It consists of different substances especially hydrocarbons.

O2 - compound
It consists of 2 oxygen atoms which are covalently bonded forming a molecule thus it is a compound