Chemistry, 07.12.2019 07:31 ChessieGiacalone

What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

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Answer from: juliannabartra

The name of this hydrocarbon is 2 methyl butane

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Further~explanation}}}$

Hydrocarbons are the simplest carbon compounds because they are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Hydrocarbons can be differentiated into bonds in the carbon chain:

• Saturated hydrocarbons: all carbon chains are single bonds (alkanes)

• Unsaturated hydrocarbons: the carbon chain has a double bond (alkenes) and a triple bond (alkyne)

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with all carbon bonds being single bonds

General formula:

$\large{\boxed{\bold {C_nH_2n + 2}}}$

There are several rules for naming alkanes from IUPAC:

• branch name followed by the name of the main chain

• the main chain is the longest chain that has the most branches

• the branch is named alkyl with the symbol -R, and begins with a number, with the position of the branch getting the smallest number

• more than one branch is given the prefix di, tri, tetra, penta, etc. and in alphabetical order with the smallest number.

If we look at the hydrocarbon structure in the problem then:

if we calculate the number of atoms C and H obtained: C = 5 atoms, H = 12 atoms so that the molecular formula is C₅H₁₂ so that it is included in the alkane (CnH2n+2)the main chain (the longest chain) consists of 4 C atoms (butane)there is 1 branch chain, namely methyl (1 C atom, CH₃)The branch is placed in position number 2 of the main branch (the smallest number), so the numbering of the chain starts from the left

So the name of this hydrocarbon is 2 methyl butane

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Learn~more}}}$

Hydrocarbons contain two types of atoms

link

The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes

link

naming structures with IUPAC rules

link

Name the following compound

link

Keywords: IUPAC, alkanes, Saturated hydrocarbons, Unsaturated hydrocarbons, alkyl

Answer from: Katmcfee7681

The name of the hydrocarbon is $\boxed{{\text{2 - methylbutane}}}$ .

Further Explanation:

The IUPAC naming of an organic compound is the systematic manner for naming the organic compounds. The IUPAC name of an organic compound has three parts: root name, suffix, and prefix. The number of carbon atom present in the parent chain is represented by the parent chain. The functional group present in the organic compound is represented by suffix and the name and number of the substituent present on the parent chain are represented by the prefix. The IUPAC name of the organic compound can be as follows:

Substituent Number - (Substituent Name) (Root Name) (Suffix)

The steps followed to determine the IUPAC name of the given molecule is,

Step 1: Firstly, we identify the longest continuous carbon chain and try to number the carbon atoms in the order that the substituents attached to the parent carbon chain get the lowest possible number.

The longest carbon chain in the given molecule consists of 4 carbon atoms and the carbon atoms are bonded by single bonds. Therefore the functional group is alkane and the name of the parent chain is butane.

Step 2: In this step, we identify the number of carbon atom to which the alkyl substituent is attached.

The alkyl substituent is attached at the second carbon atom of the parent chain.

Step 3: In the third step, we identify the alkyl substituent or branched group that is attached to the parent carbon chain.

In the given molecule the methyl $\left( { - {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}} \right)$ group is attached at the second carbon atom of the parent chain. Therefore the name of hydrocarbon is 2-methylbutane.

Learn more:

1. Naural occurring solid mixture link.

2. Oxidation-reduction reactions link.

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Hydrocarbons

Keywords: IUPAC, hydrocarbons, alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, methyl, carbon, hydrogen, substituents and 2-methyl butane.

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