Bonds between metals and nonmetals tend to be ionic, but bonds between nonmetal atoms tend to be covalent.

explain why this is true, using your understanding of electronegativity and ionization energy for these groups of elements.

In vapor-liquid equilibrium in a binary mixture, both components are generally present in both phases. how many degrees of freedom are there for such a system? the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia occurs in the gas phase. how many degrees of freedom are there for this system? steam and coal react at high temperatures to form hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane. the following reactions have been suggested as being involved in the chemical transformation: