Describe how the meniscus is used to read the volume measurements on a graduated cylinder

Explanation :

As we know that for the measurement of the volume of liquid in graduated cylinder are shown by placing the graduated cylinder on the flat surface and then view the height of the liquid in the graduated cylinder with the naked eyes directly level with the liquid.

The liquid will tend to curve downward that means this curve is known as the meniscus.

In the case of colored liquid, we are always read the upper meniscus of the liquid for the measurement.

In the case of colorless liquid, we are always read the lower meniscus of the liquid for the measurement.

the reaction mixture contains some ammonia, plus a lot of unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen. the mixture is cooled and compressed, causing the ammonia gas to condense into a liquid. the liquefied ammonia is separated and removed. the unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen are then recycled back into the reactor .

they vary. it used to be meat, grain, bread, candy, beverages, donuts, and fruits/vegetables. now they added exercise in.