Definition of Acid, base and
salt​

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Explanation:

Acid- an molecule/ion that is capable of donating a proton or hydrogen ion (H+) and it's also capable of forming a covalent bond with electrons

Base- an molecule/ion that is capable of accepting a proton or hydrogen ion (H+) and it releases hydroxide ion (OH-)

Salt- When you combined an acid and base, you neutralize it, producing water and salt like:

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq)> NaCl (s) + H2O (l)

Explanation:

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.