Around 1910, rutherford bombarded gold foil with alpha particles. most of the alpha particles passed straight through. to his surprise, a smaller number were deflected by 180°.

this summary recounts the scientific discovery of
a. something that absorbs alpha particles.
b. something that allows alpha particles through.
c. something that deflects alpha particles.
d. something that attracts alpha particles.

The correct answer is Option C.

Explanation:

The model given by Rutherford was gold-foil experiment.

In his experiment, he took a gold foil and bombarded it with alpha-particles which carry a charge of +2 units (Positive charge). He thought that the particles will pass through the gold foil but to his surprise some of the particles were deflected from their path and a few bounced back their way at an angle of 180°.

He, then concluded that there must be something which carries same charge as that of the particle (positive charge) but that substance occupies a small amount of space because most of the alpha particles passed straight through. This experiment then led to the discovery of nucleus of the atom.

Hence, the summary for this discovery is that the alpha particles were deflected by something carrying same charge as that of the particles.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C.

c. heat could easily travel through the molecules in the air and escape/enter the flask. removing the air slows down the heat transfer.  

it should have an internal chamber and two thermometers sticking out of the top. the internal chamber will also be closed off from the outside.