Which of the four fundamental forces are involved in chemical bonding?

Idon’t understand this page, can someone ?

The tilt of the earth's axis of rotation is responsible for the a) ocean's tides. b) size of the moon. c) brightness of stars. d) earth’s seasons.

If we compare and contrast electromagnetic waves with sound waves, all but one statement is true. that is a) sound waves require a medium to travel while electromagnetic waves do not. b) electromagnetic waves can travel through the vacuum of space while sound waves cannot. c) electromagnetic waves must have a medium in which to travel, but sound waves can travel anywhere. eliminate d) sound waves must bounce off of matter in order to travel while electromagnetic waves do not require matter to be present.