2. Each type of atom is called an element. Which part of the atom give the
atoms its Identity?

The smallest particle of an element which is indivisible and takes part is chemical reaction as a whole without division is called an atom.

the three fundamental particles that identify the atoms are protons, neutrons and electrons.

in 1783 cavendish was working with his hydrogen gas and found that when he burned it and condensed the vapor it was water. this was very significant since it disproved the greek theory of elements completely since water was not a simple substance but the product of two gases. it was lavoisier who hearing of the experiment gave cavendish's gas the name hydrogen ("water-producer") and added that hydrogen burned by combining with oxygen and that water was a hydrogen-oxygen combination.

explanation:

the temperature of the gas, in k, not celsius.