Se dispara un proyectil desde el suelo con una velocidad inicial de 540 m/s y un ángulo de inclinación de 30° respecto a la horizontal. Calcule:
a. El alcance máximo del proyectil
b. Las velocidades horizontales y verticales al inicio del disparo.
c. El tiempo total que el proyectil permanece en vuelo.
d. La posición del proyectil 3 segundos después del lanzamiento.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

oxygen, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.

they're all from the same group as sulfur (group 16).

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