(6) Compare a CSTR with a PFR below. a. A flow of 0.3 m3/s enters a CSTR (volume of 200 m3) with an initial concentration of species A at 200 mg/L. The reaction proceeds with 1st order kinetics and a reaction rate of 5.09 hr-1. Determine the concentration of species A leaving the reactor. (8 pts) b. If a plug flow reactor was designed to have the same efficieny as the CSTR in Part A, what would the volume of the PFR be

Explanation:

Given that:

The flow rate Q = 0.3 m³/s

Volume (V) = 200 m³

Initial concentration = 2.00 ms/l

reaction rate K = 5.09 hr⁻¹

Recall that:

where;

Thus; the concentration of species in the reactant = 102.98 mg/l

b). If the plug flow reactor has the same efficiency as CSTR, Then:

The volume of the PFR is ≅ 140 m³

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.