A sodium atom contains 11 protons and 11 electrons. A chlorine atom contains 17 protons and 17 electrons. What must occur for a sodium atom to obtain a charge of 1+ and a chlorine atom of 1-?

i believe you are right for all except the 3rd ( look at sqdancefan his answer is much better)

the electron configuration that you gave me has 16 electrons ergo it has 16 protons ergo it is the element sulfur.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

explanation: