Oxidation number of Al(OH)4

Explanation:

The sum of all oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero. The sum of all oxidation numbers in a polyatomic (many-atom) ion is equal to the charge on the ion. The oxidation number of oxygen in a compound is usually –2. The oxidation state of hydrogen in a compound is usually +1.

The oxidation state of Al in Al(OH)

4

−

x+4(+1−2)=−1

∴x=+3

The oxidation state of Mn in MnO

2

y+2(−2)=0

∴y=+4

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c-14 is carbon-14, or radiocarbon.   it is a radioactive isotope of carbon with an atomic nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.