According to kinetic theory, all matter is made up of small particles. The particles are constantly moving
Diagram 1 shows how the particles may be arranged in a solid.
Diagram 1
(a)
One kilogram of a gas has a much larger volume than one kilogram of a solid
Use kinetic theory to explain why.
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(a) there are strong forces (of attraction) between the particles in a solid

accept molecules / atoms for particles throughout

accept bonds for forces

1

(holding) the particles close together

particles in a solid are less spread out is insufficient

1

or

(holding) the particles in a fixed pattern / positions

but in a gas the forces between the particles are negligible

accept very small / zero for negligible

accept bonds for forces

1

so the particles spread out (to fill their container)

accept particles are not close together

gas particles are not in a fixed position is insufficient

Explanation:

the molecules move in straight line until they collide with each other or with the walls of the container. collisions are perfectly elastic; when two molecules collide, they change their directions and kinetic energies, but the total kinetic energy is conserved.

explanation: