Convection cells in the earth's mantle require a source of energy. what is that source of energy?

Convection is a type of heat transfer that is driven by the flow of liquid, or by a solid or weak material. These convection cells that flows in a circular direction are caused by the initial heating of earth's core. Earth is hot due to the original formation, and what keeps the heat circulating is radioactive decay. As unstable elements decay, they release energy and heat, which promotes convection cells in earth's mantle [hope this helps].

For cyclohexane compounds drawn in a chair conformation:   -axial bonds are vertical  -equatorial bonds are parallel to two bonds within the ring.  thus, as i assume the chair conformation is drawn:   -the x group is in an axial position, as are the five other vertical bonds.  -three axial bonds are on the top face of the ring  -the other three axial bonds are on the bottom face  the position of the second substituent on each ring carbon is equatorial.  gauche groups must be on an adjacent carbon such as carbon 6 and carbon 2, and also gauche groups are rotated by 60 degrees relative to each other.  drawing the newman projections for c1–c2 and c1–c6 aids in visualizing the groups that are gauche to the y group on c1.  click this link and watch some academic videos that may you more understand the topic