How are simple cations and anions named ?

Explanation:

The cations are positively charged ions and the anions are negatively charged ions.

Simple cations and anions are named:

Cations that are formed from metal atoms have the same name as metal.  If a metal can form cations of different charges, the positive charge is indicated by a Roman number in parentheses after the name of the metal. Cations formed from non-metal atoms have names that end in -ium.

The names of monoatomic anions, as well as some polyatomic anions that do not contain oxygen, are formed by replacing the termination of the element's name with –ide.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.