What is the result of excess nutrients (nitrates) in North Carolina waters? A. Algae growth is high

B. Algae growth is low

C. Algae growth is moderate

A. Algae growth is high

Explanation:

Substances that contains high concentration of nitrates, phosphates etc add nutrients to the water body. This is because organisms like ALGAE consider these compounds nutrients needed for their growth and development. The process whereby these nutrients becomes excessive in a water body is referred to as EUTROPHICATION.

Eutrophication of a water body i.e excessive nutrients like nitrates in a water body like the North Carolina waters being described in this question will lead to rapid and excessive growth of algal species. This increase in algal growth can cause the water body to be low in oxygen content and ultimately become inhabitable by living organisms.

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.