A student was asked to formulate a hypothesis about what would happen if 100 mL of 0.1 MNaOH(aq) at 25°C was combined with 100 mL of 0.1 MMgCl2 (aq) at 25°C. Which of
the following hypotheses indicates that the student thought a chemical change would
occur?

that tool would be a compass

it should have an internal chamber and two thermometers sticking out of the top. the internal chamber will also be closed off from the outside.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.