the solubilities of ammonia, carbon dioxide and oxygen in water at a constant temperature and pressure are in the ratio 27000:35:1 respectively. explain the trend

As the intermolecular forces get weaker, the amount dissolved decreases. Ammonia can form hydrogen bonds with water thus allowing it to be more soluble. CO2 and O2 can only react through London forces, but since CO2 has a higher molecular mass, more electrons, it will have a larger in magnitude temporary dipole moment. This results in the CO2 being more soluble in water than O2.

The overall trend in solubility is NH3>CO2>O2

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.