Atheory is a a) proposed explanation for an observation b) well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations c) summary of the results of many observations d) procedure used to test a proposed explanation

Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A statement which states a scientifically acceptable general principle that is experimentally tested or verified is defined as a theory.

A theory is the sum of a number of observations which are tested in order to get the true result so that a statement can be framed.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options, a theory is a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations.

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of carbon is as shown here in the image.