Cell membranes are largely hydrophobic structures. Which compound will pass through a membrane more easily, glucose or 2,4-dinitrophenol? Explain.

2,4-dinitrophenol

Explanation:

A hydrophobic molecule does not dissolve nor mix with water. The cell membranes are made up of hydrophobic lipids. Hence, hydrophobic molecules easily pass through the cell membrane.

Glucose is partly hydrophilic hence it is transported across the cell membrane by special proteins. However, 2,4-dinitrophenol is a hydrophobic molecule thus it is easily transported across the cell membrane.

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.