For the following reaction, 42.2 grams of potassium hydrogen sulfate are allowed to react with 21.4 grams of potassium hydroxide. potassium hydrogen sulfate (aq) potassium hydroxide (aq) potassium sulfate (aq) water (l) What is the maximum amount of potassium sulfate that can be formed

53.99g

Explanation:

Step 1:

The balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

KHSO4(aq) + KOH(aq) —> K2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)

Step 2:

Determination of the masses of KHSO4 and KOH that reacted and the mass of K2SO4 produced from the balanced equation.

This is illustrated below:

Molar mass of KHSO4 = 39 + 1 + 32 + (16x4) = 136g/mol

Mass of KHSO4 from the balanced equation = 1 x 136 = 136g

Molar mass of KOH = 39 + 16 + 1 = 56g/mol

Mass of KOH from the balanced equation = 1 x 56 = 56g

Molar mass of K2SO4 = (39x2) + 32 + (16x4) = 174g/mol

Mass of K2SO4 from the balanced equation = 1 x 174 = 174g.

From the balanced equation above, 136g of KHSO4 reacted with 56g of KOH to produce 174g of K2SO4

Step 3:

Determination of the limiting reactant. This is illustrated below:

From the balanced equation above, 136g of KHSO4 reacted with 56g of KOH.

Therefore, 42.2g of KHSO4 will react with = (42.2 x 56)/136 = 17.38g of KOH.

From the above calculations, we can see that only 17.38g out of 21.4g of KOH given was needed to react completely with 42.2g of KHSO4.

Therefore, KHSO4 is the limiting reactant and KOH is the excess reactant.

Step 4:

Determination of the maximum mass of K2SO4 produced from the reaction.

In this case, the limiting reactant will be used as all of it is used up in the reaction. The limiting reactant is KHSO4 and the maximum amount of K2SO4 produced can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above, 136g of KHSO4 reacted to produce 174g of K2SO4.

Therefore, 42.2g of KHSO4 will react to produce = (42.2 x 174)/136 = 53.99g of K2SO4.

Therefore, the maximum amount of K2SO4 produced is 53.99g.

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."