In the chemical laboratory, what does a mortar and pestle function as? .
a. to increase surface area of a solute.
b. to decrease surface area of a solute.
c. to increase temperature of a solute.
d. to decrease temperature of a solute

in scientific notation, the value of the  speed of light in a vacuum

  will be written as 2.995 * 10^8. when this value is represented in the form of

  a * 10^b, then, a = 2.995 and b = 8.

the value of the speed of light in a vacuum given above can also be rounded up to approximately 300000000. in this case, the scientific notation will be written as 3 *10^8.

dynamic equilibrium is the answer.