A catalyst works because it?

lowers the activation energy.
increases the temperature.
is permanently changed in a reaction.
supplies energy to a reaction.

Increases temperature

Supplies energy to a reaction

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be

the dissolution of polymer can be thermodynamically described in 2 steps.