Which level of ecological organization includes both biotic and abiotic factors

If a || b and e || f, what is the value of y ?

Word equation for k+ h2o yield koh + h2

1) describe the physical layout of the ocean floor ? 2) explain how the dumbo octopus swims differently than other octopus species and why this would be an advantage in the aphonic zone . 3) why are the types of organisms that live at each underwater hot vent so dramatically different ?