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1. 2-ethyl-3-methyl-4-pentenal

2. 6-ethyl-2-methyl-4-octyn-3-one

3. 5-bromo-5-chloro-2-ethyl-3-hexynal

4. 2-propyl-3-hexenal

5. 5-Iodo-3-hepten-2-ol

Explanation:

To name an organic compound, we do the following:

A. Locate the functional group in compound.

B. Locate the longest continuous carbon chain. This gives the parent name of the compound..

C. Give the functional group the lowest low count i.e starting counting from the side of the functional group.

D. Locate the substituent group and if they are more than one type, name alphabetically and indicate their position.

Now let us answer the above questions.

1a. The functional group is ALKANAL -CHO. Therefore, we must start counting from the functional group. Alkanal are always at the extreme of the compound. The longest chain is carbon 5

b. The substituents are: ethyl at carbon 2, methyl (CH3) at carbon 3, the double bond is at carbon 4 making the parent name to be pentenal

Therefore, the name of the compound is:

2-ethyl-3-methyl-4-pentenal

2a. The functional group is ALKANONE -C=O. The longest chain is carbon 8

b. The substituents are: ethyl at carbon 6 from the side of the functional group, methyl at carbon 2, the triple bond is at carbon 4 and the functional group is at carbon 3. The parent name is octyne. Now let's combine the names of the sub. group and the parent name.

Therefore, the name of the compound is:

6-ethyl-2-methyl-4-octyn-3-one

3a. The functional group is ALKANAL -CHO. Therefore, we must start counting from the functional group. The longest chain is carbon 6.

b. The substituents are: ethyl at carbon 2, triple bond at carbon 3, bromine (bromo) and chlorine (chloro) are both at carbon 5.

The parent name is hexynal. Combining the names of the sub. groups, the name of the compound is:

5-bromo-5-chloro-2-ethyl-3-hexynal

4a. The functional group is ALKANAL -CHO. Therefore, we must start counting from the functional group.

The longest chain is carbon 6.

b. The substituent group attached is propyl at carbon 2. The double bond is at carbon 3. The parent name is hexenal. Combining the name of the sub. group with the parent name, the name of the compound is:

2-propyl-3-hexenal

5a. The functional group is ALKANOL -OH. The longest chain is carbon 7.

b. The substituents attached is iodine (iodo) at carbon 5, the double bond is at carbon 3 and the functional group is at carbon 2. The parent name is heptenol. Combining the name of the sub group and the parent, the name of the compound is:

5-Iodo-3-hepten-2-ol