Introduction: Chemical formulas represent ratios. To make H2O, you need two atoms of H for each atom of O; you would also need two moles of H for every mole of O. However, when performing experiments in the lab, substances are measured in grams, not atoms or moles. Therefore, it is important to be able to convert freely between atoms, moles, and grams. Question: How do you convert particles to grams, and grams to particles

The answer to your question is given below

Explanation:

To convert from Particles to grams, one must have a clear understanding of Avogadro's hypothesis. From the Avogadro's hypothesis, we can easily convert from mole to particles and to grams.

Avogadro's hypothesis gives us a background understanding that 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02x10^23 particles. With this in mind we can easily convert particles to grams and grams to particles.

Now consider the following example:

1. How many particles are there in 4g of carbon?

Solution:

From Avogadro's hypothesis, 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02x10^23 particles. This implies that 1 mole of carbon contains 6.02x10^23 particles.

1 mole of carbon = 12g

Now we can say that 12g of carbon contains 6.02x10^23 particles.

If 12g of carbon contains 6.02x10^23 particles,

then 4g of carbon will contain = (4x6.02x10^23) /12 = 2.01x10^23 particles.

The next example will teach us how to convert from particles to grams..

2. What mass of helium contains 4.2x10^24 particles.

Solution:

According to Avogadro's hypothesis,

1 mole of He contains 6.02x10^23 particles.

1 mole of He = 4g

We can thus, say that 4g of He contains 6.02x10^23 particles.

1f 4g of He contains 6.02x10^23 particles,

Then Xg of He contains 4.2x10^24 Particles i.e

Xg of He = (4x4.2x10^24)/(6.02x10^23)

Xg of He = 27.91g

Therefore, 27.91g of He contains 4.2x10^24 Particles

With the above illustrations I believe you have understood how to convert from grams to particles and from particles to grams.

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."

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