Choose a likely identity for X, Y, and Z in these structures. A central X atom is bonded to two chlorine atoms through single bonds. There are three lone pairs of electrons on each chlorine atom. C O B Be F N A central Y atom is bonded to three chlorine atoms through single bonds. There are three lone pairs of electrons on each chlorine atom. A central Z atom is bonded to two chlorine atoms through single bonds. There are three lone pairs of electrons on each chlorine atom and two lone pairs of electrons on the Z atom. C O N F Be B F C N Be B O

Complete Question

The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image

X  is Be

Y  is B

Z  is  O            

Explanation:

In order to understand the solution, we need to that the an element form a bond based on

1  The number of valence electron available in its atom

2 The  number of electron it require to attains its stable state i.e its Octet  state

        The number of valence electron for each of the option  are

                 F = 7,   N = 5 , O = 6 , C = 4 , B = 3 , Be = 2

 Considering the first element

           We see that  X is donating  two valence electron in its atom and it is donating it to 2  Cl as Cl  only requires a single electron to achieve its stable state

Now looking  option we can see that  Be has two valence  electron in it atom and in order for it to attain its stable state it needs to release the electron so the correct option for this question is Be

Considering the second  element              

      We see that  Y is donating  three valence electron in its atom and it is donating it to 3  Cl as Cl  only requires a single electron to achieve its stable state    

    Now looking  option we can see that  B has three valence  electron in it atom and in order for it to attain its stable state it needs to release the valence electron so the correct option for this question is B

Considering the second  element  

      We see that  Z is donating two valence electron in its atom and it is donating it to 2  Cl as Cl  only requires a single electron to achieve its stable state, also Z has 2 lone-pair valence electron

       Now looking at the option we can see that  O has 6 valence electron so if it donates 2 valence electron it will still be left with 4 - pair of electron

   Therefore the correct option to this question is  O                  

you need to take a look at the periodic system in order to sort these elements into pairs that would most likely exhibit similar chemical properties. first, you need to find elements that are found in the same group (groups are vertical in the periodic system), and then to see whether they have the same valence number. if they meet these criteria, they will have similar properties.

the first pair: ne (neon) and kr (krypton), are noble gases found in group 8

the second pair: li (lithium) and k (potassium), found in group 1

the third pair: s (sulfur) and te (tellurium), found in group 6