In chemistry, a system can be defined as a specific part of the universe, and the surroundings include everything else in the universe outside of the system.

According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe remains constant. Given these definitions, which of the following statements are true?

I. Systems absorb energy from their surroundings during endothermic processes.

II. Systems and their surroundings absorb energy during endothermic processes.

III. Systems release energy to their surroundings during exothermic processes.

IV. Systems and their surroundings release energy during exothermic processes.
A.
I, II, III, and IV
B.
II and IV only
C.
I and IV only
D.
I and III only

the answer is definitely c.

a saline water is fed to a reverse osmosis unit at flow rate o rotameter connected to reject (retentate) line reads 8 installed in reject and permeate line reads 15.2 milli siemens/cm and 300 micro siemens/com respectively.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

the answer is d.) potassium