Given the following balanced chemical equation:

Ca(OH)2(s) + 2HNO3(aq) → Ca(NO)3(aq) + 2H2O(l)

How many grams of Ca(OH)2 are required to neutralize 25.0 ml of 0.100 M HNO3?

Mass of Ca(OH)₂ required  = 0.09 g  

Explanation:

Given data:

Volume of HNO₃ = 25 mL (25/1000 = 0.025 L)

Molarity of HNO₃ = 0.100 M

Mass of Ca(OH)₂ required  =  ?

Solution:

Chemical equation;

Ca(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃   →      Ca(NO)₃ + 2H₂O

Number of moles of HNO₃:

Molarity = number of moles / volume in L

0.100 M = number of moles / 0.025 L

Number of moles = 0.100 M ×0.025 L

Number of moles = 0.0025 mol

Now we will compare the moles of Ca(OH)₂  with HNO₃ from balance chemical equation.

                   HNO₃           :           Ca(OH)₂    

                       2               :              1

                  0.0025         :            1/2×0.0025 = 0.00125

Mass of Ca(OH)₂:    

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass =   0.00125 mol × 74.1 g/mol

Mass = 0.09 g    

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1. they vary with a higher number because boiling is way hotter than melting