How is the temperature of a substance is related to kinetic energy of its molecules

1)each group 16 element has how many valence electrons? ( )4 ( )6 ( )8 ( )16 2)how many dots appear in the dot structure for calcium ion, ca2+? ( )zero ( )one ( )two ( )eight 3) which of the following atoms forms a cation to obtain an octet of outer shell electrons? ( )magnesium ( )oxygen ( )fluorine ( )helium 4) an al3+ ion contains 13 protons and 10 electrons. ( )true ( )false 5) valence and non-valence electrons are represented in lewis dot structures. ( )true ( )false

What does a complete balanced chemical equation include? a. exothermic coefficients b. endothermic coefficients c. valence electrons d. molar coefficients

An engineer decides to use a slightly weaker material rather than a stronger material, since she knows that the stronger material can break suddenly. this is an example of what? a choosing a material that will show warning before it fails b using composite materials that combine strength c using a material for multiple applications d using design techniques that increase efficiency and reduce cost