An equilibrium mixture contains 0.350 mol of each of the products (carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas) and 0.200 mol of each of the reactants (carbon monoxide and water vapor) in a 1.00 L container. CO ( g ) + H 2 O ( g ) − ⇀ ↽ − CO 2 ( g ) + H 2 ( g ) How many moles of carbon dioxide would have to be added at constant temperature and volume to increase the amount of carbon monoxide to 0.300 mol once equilibrium has been reestablished?

0.8524 moles have to be added

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

An equilibrium mixture contains 0.350 mol of each of the products

Each product contains 0.200 moles

Volume = 1.00L

Step 2: The balanced equation

CO(g) + H2O(g) ⇆ CO2(g) + H2(g)

Step 3: Calculate Kc

Kc = [CO2][H2] / [CO][H2O]

Kc = [0.350][0.350]/[0.200][0.200]

Kc = 3.0625

Step 4: The initial number of moles

nCO2 = 0.200 moles = 0.200 M

nCO = 0.200 moles = 0.200 M

nCO2 = O.350 + n moles =  0.350 + n M

nH2 = 0.350 M

Step 5: the number of moles at the equilibrium

nCO2 = 0.200 moles + X = 0.300 mol

⇒ X = 0.100 moles

nCO = 0.200 moles + 0.100 moles = 0.300 moles

nCO2 = 0.350 + n -0.100 moles =  0.250 + n

nH2 = 0.350 -0.100  = 0.250 moles

Step 6: Calculate Kc

Kc = [CO2][H2] / [CO][H2O]

3.0625 = (0.250 + n)(0.250) / (0.300)(0.300)

0.2756 = (0.250 + n)(0.250)

1.1024 = 0.250+n

n = 0.8524 moles

0.8524 moles have to be added

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.