Predict whether the equilibria
I) CO2(g) + 2 NH3(g) =
CO(NH2)2(s) + H2O(g),
AH° = -90 kJ
II) Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) = Ni(CO)4(8),
AH° = -161 kJ
will shift toward products or reactants with a
temperature increase.
1. I shifts toward reactants and II shifts
toward products.
2. Both I and II shift toward products.
3. Unable to determine
4. Both I and II shift toward reactants.
5. I shifts toward products and II shifts to-
ward reactants.

The correct answer is option 4.

Explanation:

Any change in the equilibrium is studied on the basis of Le-Chatelier's principle.

This principle states that if there is any change in the variables of the reaction, the equilibrium will shift in the direction to minimize the effect.

For exothermic reaction :ΔH = negative

For the given equation:

I) ,ΔH° = -90 kJ

On Increasing the temperature

This is an exothermic reaction, backward reaction will decrease the temperature. Hence, the equilibrium will shift in the left direction that is towards reactants.

II) ,ΔH° = -161 kJ

On Increasing the temperature

This is an exothermic reaction, backward reaction will decrease the temperature. Hence, the equilibrium will shift in the left direction that is towards reactants.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

answer: e.   sour taste

explanation: acids are those substances which dissociates in water to give ions. as they dissociate to give ions, they act as electrolytes and thus are electrically conductive. acids are sour in taste. example: hcl

bases are those substances which dissociates in water to give ions or accepts ions. as they dissociate to give ions, they act as electrolytes and thus are electrically conductive. bases are bitter in taste. bases are slippery in nature.