Gaining or losing or sharing electrons between atoms forms:

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This will form cations and anions, and it can form ionic bonds.

The atom that loses electrons becomes positive, so it is a cation. The atom that gains the electrons becomes negative, so it is an anion.

Positive ions and negative ions are attracted because of electromagnetic force, so the ions can bond together with this attraction to form ionic bonds.

Hope this helps!

vanderwaal's forces of attraction are the electrostatic intermolecular forces that exist in a molecule due to the temporary or permanent dipoles that are developed in a molecule. in , the major intermolecular forces are dipole-dipole interactions as the molecule is polar (bent structure). so the vanderwaal's forces of interaction in between molecules are the permanent dipole-dipole interactions that develop due to the dipole that exists in between the polar h - s bond. the positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted towards the negative end of the dipole that is sulfur of the adjacent molecule. therefore, these forces of attraction are relatively stronger than that of london dispersion forces that exist in non polar molecules.

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